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''Aspergillus terreus'', also known as ''Aspergillus terrestrius'', is a fungus (mold) found worldwide in soil. Although thought to be strictly asexual until recently, ''A. terreus'' is now known to be capable of sexual reproduction. This saprotrophic fungus is prevalent in warmer climates such as tropical and subtropical regions.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.life-worldwide.org/fungal-diseases/aspergillus-terreus/ )〕 Aside from being located in soil, ''A. terreus'' has also been found in habitats such as decomposing vegetation and dust.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.dehs.umn.edu/iaq_fib_fg_gloss_aspergillusterreus.htm )〕 ''A. terreus'' is commonly used in industry to produce important organic acids, such as itaconic acid and ''cis''-aconitic acid, as well as enzymes, like xylanase.〔 It was also the initial source for the drug mevinolin (lovastatin), a drug for lowering serum cholesterol. ''A. terreus'' can cause opportunistic infection in people with deficient immune systems. It is relatively resistant to amphotericin B, a common antifungal drug.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.doctorfungus.org/thefungi/Aspergillus_terreus.php )〕 ''Aspergillus terreus'' also produces aspterric acid and 6-hydroxymellein, inhibitors of pollen development in ''Arabidopsis thaliana''. == Appearance == ''A. terreus'' is brownish in colour and gets darker as it ages on culture media.〔 On Czapek or malt extract agar (MEA) medium at , colonies have the conditions to grow rapidly and have smooth-like walls. In some cases, they are able to become floccose, achieving hair-like soft tufts.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.cabi.org.myaccess.library.utoronto.ca/dfb/FullTextPDF/2005/20056401253.pdf )〕 Colonies on malt extract agar grow faster and sporulate more densely than on many other media.〔 ''A. terreus'' has conidial heads that are compact, biseriate, and densely columnar, reaching 500 × 30–50 µm in diameter. Conidiophores of ''A. terreus'' are smooth and hyaline up to 100–250 × 4–6 µm in diameter. The conidia of ''A. terreus'' are small, about 2 µm in diameter, globose-shaped, smooth-walled, and can vary from light yellow to hyaline.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.cabi.org.myaccess.library.utoronto.ca/dfb/FullTextPDF/2005/20056400095.pdf )〕 Unique to this species is the production of aleurioconidia, asexual spores produced directly on the hyphae that are larger than the phialoconidia (e.g. 6–7 µm in diameter). This structure might be influential in the way ''A. terreus'' presents itself clinically as it can induce elevated inflammatory responses.〔〔 This fungus is readily distinguished from the other species of ''Aspergillus'' by its cinnamon-brown colony colouration and its production of aleurioconidia. ''A. terreus'' is a thermotolerant species since it has optimal growth in temperatures between , and maximum growth within . 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Aspergillus terreus」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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